Keyword: Teshuvah, shuvah, come hope, lechem
wept, bitter, empty, died, dead,
famine, baren, mixed marriage, shuvi Moav![]()
1:1ויהי בימי שׁפט השׁפטים ויהי רעב בארץ וילך אישׁ מבית לחם יהודה לגור בשׂדי מואב הוא ואשׁתו ושׁני בניו׃
Vayehi biimei shefot hashoftim vayehi raav baeretz vayelekh ish miBeit
Lekhem Yehudah lagur bisdei Moav hu veishto ushenei vanav:
Now it came to
pass, in the days when the judges ruled, that there was a famine in the land.
And a certain man of Beit Lekhem, Yehudah, went to sojourn in the
country of Mo'av, he and his wife and his two sons.
1:2ושׁם האישׁ אלימלך ושׁם אשׁתו נעמי ושׁם שׁני־בניו מחלון וכליון אפרתים מבית לחם יהודה ויבאו שׂדי־מואב ויהיו־שׁם׃
Veshem haish Elimelekh veshem ishto Naomi veshem shenei-vanav Makhlon ve Khilyon Efratim
mi Beit
Lekhem Yehudah vayavou sedei-Moav vayihyu-sham:
And the name of the man [was] Elimelekh, and the name of his wife Naomi, and the name of his two sons Machlon (מחלון) and Kilyon (כּליו), *Efratim mi Beit Lechem Yehudah. And they came into the regions of Moav, and continued there.
1:3וימת אלימלך אישׁ נעמי ותשׁאר היא ושׁני בניה׃
Vayamat Elimelekh ish Naomi vatishaer hi ushenei vaneiha:
And Elimelekh Naomi 's husband died; and she was left, and her two sons.
1:4וישׂאו להם נשׁים מאביות שׁם האחת ערפה ושׁם השׁנית רות וישׁבו שׁם כעשׂר שׁנים׃
Vayisu lahem nashim Moaviyot shem haakhat Orpah veshem hashenit Rut vayeshvu sham keeser shanim:
And they took them wives of the women of Moav; the name of the one [was] Orpah, and the name of the other Rut (רות): and they dwelled there about ten years.
1:5וימותו גם־שׁניהם מחלון וכליון ותשׁאר האשׁה משׁני ילדיה ומאישׁה׃
Vayamutu gam-sheneihem Makhlon ve Khilyon vatishaer
haishah mishnei yeladeiha umeisha:
And Machlon (מחלון) and Kilyon (כּליו) died also both of them; and the woman was left of her two sons and her husband.
1:6ותקם היא וכלתיה ותשׁב משׂדי מואב כי שׁמעה בשׂדה מואב כי־פקד יהוה את־עמו לתת להם לחם׃
Vatakam hi vekhaloteiha vatashav misdei Moav ki shamah
bisdeh Moav ki-fakad YEHOVAH
et-amo latet lahem lakhem:
Then she arose with her daughter-in-law that she might teshuva (return) from the regions of Moav: for she had heard in the region of Moav how that YHWH had visited His people in giving them lechem (bread).
1:7ותצא מן־המקום אשׁר היתה־שׁמה ושׁתי כלתיה עמה ותלכנה בדרך לשׁוב אל־ארץ יהודה׃
Vatetze min-hamakom asher haitah-shamah ushetei khaloteiha imah
vatelakhnah vaderekh lashuv el-eretz Yehudah:
Wherefore
she went forth out of the place where she was, and her two daughters-in-law
with her; and they went on the way to return unto the land of Yehudah.
1:8ותאמר נעמי לשׁתי כלתיה לכנה שׁבנה אשׁה לבית אמה יעשׂה יהוה עמכם חסד כאשׁר עשׂיתם עם־המתים ועמדי׃
Vatomer Naomi lishtei khaloteiha lekhnah shovnah
ishah leveit imah yaashoh YEHOVAH imakhem khesed kaasher asitem im-hametim veimadi:
And Naomi said unto her two daughters-in-law Go, return each to her mother's house: YHWH deal kindly with you, as ye have dealt with the dead, and with me.
1:9יתן יהוה לכם ומצאן מנוחה אשׁה בית אישׁה ותשׁק להן ותשׂאנה קולן ותבכינה׃
Yiten YEHOVAH lakhem umetzena menukha isha beit ishah
vatishak lahen vatisenah kolanvativkeinah:
YHWH grant you that ye may find rest, each [of you]
in the house her husband. Then she kissed
them; and they lifted up their voice, and wept.![]()
1:10ותאמרנה־לה כי־אתך נשׁוב לעמך׃
Vatomarnah-lah ki-itakh nashuv leamekh:
And they said unto her, Surely we will return with thee unto thy people.
1:11ותאמר נעמי שׁבנה בנתי למה תלכנה עמי העוד־לי בנים במעי והיו לכם לאנשׁים׃
Vatomer Naomi shovnah venotai lamah telakhnah imi
haod-li vanim bemeai vehayu lakhem laanashim:
But Naomi
said, "Turn back, my daughters; why will you go with me? Are there still sons in my womb, that they may be
your husbands?
1:12שׁבנה בנתי לכן כי זקנתי מהיות לאישׁ כי אמרתי ישׁ־לי תקוה גם הייתי הלילה לאישׁ וגם ילדתי בנים׃
Shovnah venotai lekhna ki zakanti mihyot leish ki amarti yesh-li
tikvah gam hayiti halailah leish vegam yaladti vanim:
Turn again, my daughters, go [your way]; for I am too old to have husband. If I should say, I have hope, [if] I should have husband also to night, and should also bear sons;
1:13הלהן תשׂברנה עד אשׁר יגדלו הלהן תעגנה לבלתי היות לאישׁ אל בנתי כי־מר־לי מאד מכם כי־יצאה בי יד־יהוה׃
Halahen tesabernah ad asher yigdalu halahen teagena levilti
heyot leish al benotai ki-mar-li meod mikem ki-yatzah vi yad- YEHOVAH:
would you
wait for them till they were grown? Would you restrain yourselves from having
husbands? No, my daughters, for it grieves me very much for your sakes that the
hand of YHWH has gone
out against me!"
1:14ותשׂנה קולן ותבכינה עוד ותשׁק ערפה
לחמותה ורות דבקה בה׃
Vatisena kolan vativkeinah od vatishak Orpah lakhamota
veRut
davkah bah:
And they lifted up their voice, and wept again: and Orpah kissed her mother-in-law; but Rut (רות) clave unto her.
1:15ותאמר הנה שׁבה יבמתך אל־עמה ואל־אלהיה שׁובי אחרי יבמתך׃
Vatomer hineh shavah yevimtekh el-a maveh uel-Eloheiha shuvi
akharei yevimtekh:
And she said, Behold, thy sister-in-law is gone back unto her people, and unto her gods: return thou after thy sister-in-law.
1:16ותאמר רות אל־תפגעי־בי לעזבך לשׁוב מאחריך כי אל־אשׁר תלכי אלך ובאשׁר תליני אלין עמך עמי ואלהיך אלהי׃
Vatomer Rut al-tifgei-vi leazvekh lashuv meakharayikh ki el-asher
telkhi elekh uvaasher talini alin amekh ami ve Elohayikh Elohai:
And Rut (רות) said, Intreat me not to leave thee, [or] to return from following after thee: for whither thou goest, I will go; and where thou lodgest, I will lodge:
thy people shall be my people, and thy Elohim my Elohim:
1:17באשׁר תמותי אמות ושׁם אקבר כה יעשׂה יהוה לי וכה יסיף כי המות יפריד ביני ובינך׃
Baasher tamuti amut vesham ekaver koh yaase YEHOVAH li vekho yosif ki hamavet yafrid beini uveinekh:
Where thou diest, will I die, and there will I be buried: YHWH do so to me, and more also, [if ought] but death part thee and me.
1:18ותרא כי־מתאמצת היא ללכת אתה ותחדל לדבר אליה׃
Vatere ki-mitametzet hi lalekhet itavah tekhdal ledaber
eleiha:
When she saw that she was determine to go with her, then she left speaking unto her.
1:19ותלכנה שׁתיהם עד־באנה בית לחם ויהי כבאנה בית לחם ותהם כל־העיר עליהן ותאמרנה הזאת נעמי׃
Vatelakhnah sheteihem ad-boanah Beit Lakhem vayehi
kevoanah Beit Lakhem vatehom kol-hair aleihen vatomarnah hazot Naomi:
So they two went until they came to Beit Lechem . And it came to pass, when they were come to Beit Lechem, that all the city was moved about them, and they said, [Is] this Noami?
1:20ותאמר אליהן אל־תקראנה לי נעמי קראן לי מרא כי־המר שׁדי לי מאד׃
Vatomer aleihen al-tikrenah li Naomi
kerena li mara ki-hemar Shadai li meod:
And she said unto them, Call me not Noami, call me Mara: for the Shadai (שׁד) hath dealt very bitterly with me.
1:21אני מלאה הלכתי וריקם השׁיבני יהוה למה תקראנה לי נעמי ויהוה ענה בי ושׁדי הרע לי׃
Ani meleah halakhti vereikam heshivani YEHOVAH lamah tikrenah li Naomi vaYEHOVAH anah vi veShadai hera li:
I went out full, and YHWH
hath brought me home again empty: why [then] call ye me Noami, seeing YHWH
hath testified against me, and the Shadai
hath afflicted me?
1:22ותשׁב נעמי ורות המואביה כלתה עמה השׁבה משׂדי מואב והמה באו בית לחם בתחלת קציר שׂערים׃
Vatashav Naomi veRut
haMoaviyah khalatah imah hashavah misdei Moav vehemah bau Beit Lekhem
bitkhilat ketzir seorim:
So Naomi returned, and Rut (רות) ha Moaviyah (מואביּה), her daughter-in-law, with her, which returned out of the country of Moav: and they came to Beit Lechem in the beginning of barley harvest.
In the scroll of Rut (רות), it is significant that both Bo'az and Rut (רות) are mentioned in the Messianic Toldot (MattitYahu 1:5) For the story of the megillah Rut (רות) as a picture of the Brit Hadashah redemption.
Megilot Rut outline studies
Ephrath or Ephratahtrpa = "ash-heap: place of
fruitfulness" a place near Beit EL where Rachel died and was buried
5:2But thou, Beit Lechem Ephratah, though thou be little among the thousands of Yehudah, yet out of thee shall he come forth unto me that is to be ruler in Yisrael; whose goings forth have been from of old, from everlasting *.
Mattiyahu 2:5 But you Beit Lechem, in the land of Yehudah, you are by no mens least among the rulers of Yehudah, for out of you shall come a Ruler who shall shepherd My people Yisrael
Devarim 2:9 And YHWH (יהוה) said unto me, Distress not the Moavites, neither provoke with them in milchamah (war): for I will not give thee of their eretz [for] a possession; because I have given Ar (a city) unto benai Lot [for] a possession.
Moav - Moab - bawm Barasheet 19:37 And the firstborn bare a son, and called his name Moav: the same is the father of the Moavites unto this day. Moab = "of his father" Semites; a son of Lot by his eldest daughter; the nation descended from the son of Lot; the land inhabited by the descendants of the son of Lot

Elimelekh אלימלך = “my Elohim is king”
No`omiy(נעמי) Naomi= “my delight”
Mara = “bitterness” a name that Naomi called herself due to her calamities
Beit-Lechem
= "bayit bread (food)"
Orpah = "gazelle" a Moabite woman, wife of Chilion, the son of Naomi, and sister-in- law of Rut (רות) return to her home land go back to idolatry after her iysh (husband) died
Rut (רות) = "friendship" a Moabitess who converted to the
Elohim of Naomi and her people.To hold on to an inheritance or right is
depicted using this verb Elohim cared for her providentially, and
she became the grandmother of King David (Rth 4:5, Rth 4:10-13). She married
Bo'az, a Go'el "redeemer" in Yisrael, thus rescuing her from poverty
and oblivion.
Efratim - Genesis 35:19 So Rachel died and was buried on the way to Efrat (that is, Beit-Lechem). “the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephrathite,” a palace dweller (Ruth Rabbah 2:5). Look how important they were, for Eglon the king of Moab married off his daughter to Mahlon, for the master said (ibid. 9): Ruth was the daughter of Eglon. Another explanation: Ephrathites: Bethlehem was called Ephrath.
Machlon (מחלון) - Sick
Kilyon / Chilion כּליון= “pining” 1) an Ephraimite and son of Elimelech by Naomi and the deceased iysh (husband) of Rut (רות) (or maybe deceased iysh (husband) of Orpah
iysh / Nashim (pl) - husband / husbands
Ishshah Nashim - wife, wives
banim - sons (Pl)
banot - daughters (pl) bat (singular)
Kallah / Kallot (pl) - Daughter in law
Chamot - Mother in law
Yebemet - Sister in law
Shakenim / shaken - Neigbours
Go'el, ga'al, geulah, Kinsman - redeem redemption
Minyan / מנין / Minyanim (Pl) - a quorum of ten or more adult (over the age of Bar Mitzvah) male Jews for the purpose of communal Jewish services (prayer); a minyan is usually held within a synagogue, but may be (and often is) held elsewhere, usually a home or place of work.
zekenim – elders
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