Ketuvim Megilot scrolls

Rut (רות) / Ruth Chapter 3 - Rashi

1 , 2 , 3 , 4

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Naomi finds a husband for Rut

No'omiy' instruction - 1-4

Rut 's obedience - 5-6

Bo'az's Charge - 7-13

Rut 's Return to No'omiy 14-18

3:1ותאמר לה נעמי חמותה בתי הלא אבקשׁ־לך מנוח אשׁר ייטב־לך׃

Vatomer lah Naomi khamotah biti halo avakesh-lakh manoakh asher yitav-lakh: 

Then Naomi her mother-in-law said unto her:

My daughter, shall I not seek rest for thee, that it may be well with thee?

3:2ועתה הלא בעז מדעתנו אשׁר היית את־נערותיו הנה־הוא זרה את־גרן השׂערים הלילה׃

Veatah halo Voaz modatanu asher hayit et-naarotav hinei-hu zoreh et-goren haseorim halailah: 

And now [is] not Bo'az of our kindred, with whose maidens thou wast? Behold, he winnoweth barley to night in the threshingfloor.

3:3ורחצת וסכת ושׂמת שׂמלתך עליך וירדתי הגרן אל־תודעי לאישׁ עד כלתו לאכל ולשׁתות׃

Verakhatzte vasakhte vesamte simlotaikh alayikh veyaradtei hagoren al-tivadi laish ad kaloto leekhol velishtot: 

Wash thyself therefore, and anoint thee, and put thy raiment upon thee, and get thee down to the floor: [but] make not thyself known unto the man, until he shall have done eating and drinking.

3:4ויהי בשׁכבו וידעת את־המקום אשׁר ישׁכב־שׁם ובאת וגלית מרגלתיו ושׁכבתי והוא יגיד לך את אשׁר תעשׂין׃

Vihi veshakhvo veyadaat et-hamakom asher yishkav-sham uvat vegilit margelotav veshakhavtei vehu yagid lakh et asher taasin: 

And it shall be, when he lieth down, that thou shalt mark the place where he shall lie, and thou shalt go in, and uncover his feet, and lay thee down; and he will tell thee what thou shalt do.

3:5ותאמר אליה כל אשׁר־תאמרי אעשׂה׃

Vatomer eleiha kol asher-tomri eeseh: 

And she said unto her:

All that thou sayest unto me I will do.

3:6ותרד הגרן ותעשׂ ככל אשׁר־צותה חמותה׃

Vatered hagoren vataas kekhol asher-tzivatah khamotah:

And she went down unto the floor, and did according to all that her chamot bade her.

3:7ויאכל בעז וישׁת וייטב לבו ויבא לשׁכב בקצה הערמה ותבא בלט ותגל מרגלתיו ותשׁכב׃

Vayokhal Boaz vayeshte vayitav libo vayavo lishkav biktzeh haaremah vatavo valat vategal margelotav vatishkav: 

And when Bo'az had eaten and drunk, and his heart was merry, he went to lie down at the end of the heap of corn: and she came softly, and uncovered his feet, and laid her down.

3:8ויהי בחצי הלילה ויחרד האישׁ וילפת והנה אשׁה שׁכבת מרגלתיו׃

Vayehi bakhatzi halailah vayekherad haish vayilafet vehineh ishah shokhevet margelotav: 

And it came to pass at midnight, that the man was afraid, and turned himself: and, behold, a woman lay at his feet.

3:9ויאמר מי־את ותאמר אנכי רות אמתך ופרשׂת כנפך על־אמתך כי גאל אתה׃

Vayomer mi-at vatomer anokhi Rut amatekha ufarasta khenafekha al-amatkha ki goel atah: 

And he said, Who [art] thou? And she answered, I [am] Rut thine handmaid: spread therefore thy skirt over thine handmaid; for thou [art] a near Go'el.

3:10ויאמר ברוכה את ליהוה בתי היטבת חסדך האחרון מן־הראשׁון לבלתי־לכת אחרי הבחורים אם־דל ואם־עשׁיר׃

Vayomer berukha at laYEHOVAH biti heitavte khasdekh haakharon min-harishon levilti-lekhet akharei habakhurim im-dal veim-ashir: 

And he said, Berukhah [be] thou of YHWH, my daughter: [for] thou hast shewed more kindness in the latter end than at the beginning, inasmuch as thou followedst not young men, whether poor or rich.

3:11ועתה בתי אל־תיראי כל אשׁר־תאמרי אעשׂה־לך כי יודע כל־שׁער עמי כי אשׁת חיל את׃

Veatah biti al-tiri kol asher-tomri eese-lakh ki yodea kal-shaar ami ki eshet khayil at: 

And now, my daughter, fear not; I will do to thee all that thou requirest: for all the city of my people doth know that thou [art] a virtuous woman.

3:12ועתה כי אמנם כי אם גאל אנכי וגם ישׁ גאל קרוב ממני׃

 Veata ki omnam ki am goel anokhi vegam yish goel korov miminei:

Now it is true that I am a close relative; however, there is a relative closer than I.

3:13ליני הלילה והיה בבקר אם־יגאלך טוב יגאל ואם־לא יחפץ לגאלך וגאלתיך אנכי חי־יהוה שׁכבי עד־הבקר׃

Lini halailah vehaya vaboker im-yigalekh tov yigal veim-lo yakhpotz legaolekh ugealtikh anokhi khai-YEHOVAH shikhvi ad-haboker:

Stay this night, and in the morning it shall be that if he will perform the duty of a close relative for you—good; let him do it. But if he does not want to perform the duty for you, then I will perform the duty for you, as YHWH lives! Lie down until morning."

3:14ותשׁכב מרגלתו עד־הבקר ותקם בטרום יכיר אישׁ את־רעהו ויאמר אל־יודע כי־באה האשׁה הגרן׃

Vatishkav margelotav ad-haboker vatakam beterevim yakir ish et-reehu vayomer al-yivada ki-vaah haishah hagoren: 

And she lay at his feet until the morning: and she rose up before one could know another. And he said, Let it not be known that a woman came into the floor.

3:15ויאמר הבי המטפחת אשׁר־עליך ואחזי־בה ותאחז בה וימד שׁשׁ־שׂערים וישׁת עליה ויבא העיר׃

Vayomer havi hamitpakhat asher-alayikh veekhozi-vah vatokhez bavah yamad shesh-seorim vayashet aleiha vayavohair:  

Also he said, Bring the shawl that [thou hast] upon thee, and hold it. And when she held it, he measured six [measures] of barley, and laid [it] on her: and she went into the city.

3:16ותבוא אל־חמותה ותאמר מי־את בתי ותגד־לה את כל־אשׁר עשׂה־לה האישׁ׃

Vatavo el-khamotah vatomer mi-at biti vataged-laet kol-asher asah-lah haish:

When she came to her mother-in-law, she said, "Is that you, my daughter?" Then she told her all that the man had done for her.

3:17ותאמר שׁשׁ־השׂערים האלה נתן לי כי אמר אל־תבואי ריקם אל־חמותך׃

Vatomer shesh-haseorim haeleh natan li ki amar al-tavoi reikam el-khamotekh: 

And she said, These six [measures] of barley gave he me; for he said to me, Go not empty unto thy mother-in-law.

3:18ותאמר שׁבי בתי עד אשׁר תדעין איך יפל דבר כי לא ישׁקט האישׁ כי־אם־כלה הדבר היום׃

Vatomer shevi viti ad asher tedineyin ekh yipol davar ki lo yishkot haish ki-im-kilah hadavar hayom: 

Then she said, "Sit still, my daughter, until you know how the matter will turn out; for the man will not rest until he has concluded the matter this day."


1 , 2 , 3 , 4

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Redeemer pays the price, family member gets the benefit. It was a LEGALLY REQUIRED act of self-sacrifice

CITIES OF REFUGE

Protected those who had killed someone from a Kinsman-Redeemer who was duty bound to kill them!

3 TYPES OF KINSMAN-REDEEMERS
Go’el = the type who redeems the land or the person of a family member
• Go’el haDam = the type who avenges the death of a family member
• Go’el = the type who marries a son-less widow
• Kinsman several Hebrew terms
• Ach a sibling, a close relative, a brother-like relationship
• Karov means “near”, a near relative
• Moda intimate friend, as close as brother

Ruth—A Foreshadow of Redemption

Elimelekh and Naomi were of the tribe of Yehudah and from the city of Beit Lechem, where they had rights to ancestral property. But when Naomi's husband and sons died, she was unable to regain the property apart from two legal customs: “leviratic marriage” and “the redemption of the land.”

 

The “redemption of land” custom obligated the next of kin to buy back the property which had been sold due to foreclosure or poverty so as to keep it in the family (Vayikra 25:25-28).

 

The “leviratic marriage” custom required the nearest relative of a deceased man to marry his widow (Devarim 25:5-10). Any offspring from this union carried the name and inheritance of the former husband. Since Naomi was beyond childbearing years, her daughter-in-law Ruth became her substitute in marriage and bore a son to perpetuate the family name.

 

Boaz accepted the obligations of both customs: as the redeemer (goel) he legally cleared the land of all further claims and as a responsible male relative he married Ruth and fathered a son to continue the family name.

 

The concept of the kinsman-redeemer or goel is an important portrayal of the work of Mashiach.

The goel must be the followings:-

 

(1) related by blood to those he redeems (Devarim25:5, Devarim 25:7-10; Yochanan 1:14; Romaios 1:3; Php_2:5-8; Heb 2:14, Heb 2:15);

(2) must be able to pay the price of redemption (Ruth 2:1; 1 Kefa 1:18, 1 Kefa 1:19);

(3) must be willing to redeem (Ruth 3:11; Mat_20:28; Yochanan 10:15, Yochanan 10:18; Heb_10:7).

Kinsman-Redeemer

Torah Qualification

Mashiach's Fulfillment

1. Blood Relationship

Galatia 4:4, Galatia 4:5; Heb 2:16; Heb 2:17

2. Necessary Resources

1 Korinthos_6:20; 1 Kefa_1:18, 1 Kefa 1:19

3. Willingness to Buy

Yochanan 10:15-18; 1Jn_3:16